Impact model: VIC

VIC is one of the 13 global hydrology models following the ISIMIP2a protocol which form the base of simulations for the ISIMIP2a global water sector outputs; for a full technical description of the ISIMIP2a Simulation Data from Water (global) Sector, see this DOI link: http://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2017.010

ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
ISIMIP Fast Track

Person responsible for model simulations in this simulation round

Wietse Franssen: wietse.franssen@wur.nl, Wageningen University (Netherlands)

Vimal Mishra: vmishra@iitgn.ac.in, 0000-0002-3046-6296, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar (India)

Harsh L. Shah: harsh.lovekumar.shah@iitgn.ac.in, 0000-0002-0717-0729, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar (India)

Fulu Tao: taofl@igsnrr.ac.cn, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (China)

Ren Zhai: zhair.15b@igsnrr.ac.cn, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China)

Output Data

Experiments: II, III and VIII with nosoc_co2 (option 3) for historical and future periods and all 4 GCMs
Climate Drivers: None
Date: 2022-06-29

Basic information

Model Version: VIC.4.1.2.g

Model Output License: CC0

Model Homepage: https://vic.readthedocs.io/en/master/

Reference Paper: Main Reference: Xu Liang, Dennis P. Lettenmaier, Eric F. Wood, Stephen J. Burges et al. A simple hydrologically based model of land surface water and energy fluxes for general circulation models. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH Atmosphere,99,14,415-14,428,1994

Resolution

Spatial aggregation: regular grid

Horizontal resolution: 0.5°x0.5°

Temporal resolution of input data: climate variables: monthly

Temporal resolution of input data: soil: constant

Input data

Simulated atmospheric climate data sets used: IPSL-CM5A-LR, HadGEM2-ES, GFDL-ESM2M, MIROC5

Climate variables: tasmax, tasmin, pr

Spin-up

Was a spin-up performed?: Yes

Soil

Soil layers: FAO soil layer

Routing

Runoff routing: The VIC model solves water and energy fluxes, grid by grid at daily time steps. A separate routing model is used to simulate discharge at different gauge locations.

Routing data: Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Digital Elevation Model (SRTM DEM) was used to prepare routing files (flow direction, flow fraction, flow mask and station files).

Calibration

Was the model calibrated?: No

Vegetation

How is vegetation represented?: Vegetation parameters were obtained from the Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR).

Methods

Potential evapotranspiration: The VIC uses Penman-Monteith method to estimate potential evapotranspiration.

Person responsible for model simulations in this simulation round

Xiaoyan Wang: xywang@hhu.edu.cn, Hohai University (China)

Tian Zhou: tian.zhou@pnnl.gov, 0000-0003-1582-4005, PNNL (USA)

Output Data

Experiments: historical
Climate Drivers: None
Date: 2017-02-20

Experiments: historical
Climate Drivers: None
Date: 2016-05-11

Basic information

Model Version: VIC.4.2.a.irrigation

Reference Paper: Main Reference: A simple hydrologically based model of land surface water and energy fluxes for general circulation models.

Reference Paper: Other References: Anthropogenic impacts on continental surface water fluxes.
The Contribution of Reservoirs to Global Land Surface Water Storage Variations*.

Resolution

Spatial aggregation: regular grid

Horizontal resolution: 0.5°x0.5°

Temporal resolution of input data: climate variables: daily

Temporal resolution of input data: co2: constant

Temporal resolution of input data: land use/land cover: annual

Temporal resolution of input data: soil: constant

Additional temporal resolution information: co2 has no effect on the simulation

Input data

Observed atmospheric climate data sets used: GSWP3, PGMFD v2.1 (Princeton), WATCH (WFD), WATCH-WFDEI

Climate variables: tasmax, tasmin, wind, pr

Exceptions to Protocol

Exceptions: no

Spin-up

Was a spin-up performed?: Yes

Spin-up design: 1901-1970

Natural Vegetation

Natural vegetation partition: Natural vegetation was fixed, provided by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer–based, 1-km, global land classification. Irrigation fraction was dynamic, derived from the provided MIRCA dataset

Management & Adaptation Measures

Management: Irrigation starts as additional precipitation during the growing season when soil moisture drops below the wilting point and stops until field capacity is reached. Dam opeartion is optimized based on reservoir functions such as flood control, irrigation, hydropower generation, and water supply

Technological Progress

Technological progress: no

Soil

Soil layers: Three soil layers

Water Use

Water-use types: irrigation

Water-use sectors: irrigation

Routing

Runoff routing: Unit hydrograph approach see Lohmann, et. al. "A large‐scale horizontal routing model to be coupled to land surface parametrization schemes." Tellus A 48.5 (1996): 708-721.

Land Use

Land-use change effects: Irrigation area. Irrigation starts as additional precipitation during the growing season when soil moisture drops below the wilting point and stops until field capacity is reached.

Dams & Reservoirs

Dam and reservoir implementation: Dam opeartion is optimized based on reservoir functions such as flood control, irrigation, hydropower generation, and water supply

Calibration

Was the model calibrated?: Yes

Which years were used for calibration?: Monthly runoff climatology 1948-2010

Which dataset was used for calibration?: Princeton

How many catchments were callibrated?: Observed flow was inversely routed to 1-deg resoulution grid cell first for 44 basins. Calibration was done for every 1-deg grid cell seperately

Vegetation

Is co2 fertilisation accounted for?: No

How is vegetation represented?: Fixed monthly plant characteristics

Methods

Potential evapotranspiration: Penman-Monteith

Snow melt: Energy Balance

Person responsible for model simulations in this simulation round

Ingjerd Haddeland: iha@nve.no, The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (Norway)

Fulco Ludwig: fulco.ludwig@wur.nl, Wageningen University (Netherlands)

Tian Zhou: tian.zhou@pnnl.gov, 0000-0003-1582-4005, PNNL (USA)

Output Data

Experiments: historical, rcp26, rcp45, rcp60, rcp85
Climate Drivers: None
Date: 2013-12-17