Impact model: JULES-B1

JULES-B1 (formerly JULES_UoE) is a terrestrial biosphere model and is one of the 3 models following the ISIMIP2 protocol which form the base of simulations for the ISIMIP2 permafrost sector outputs; for a full technical description of the ISIMIP2 Simulation Data from Permafrost Sector, see this DOI link: http://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2018.006

ISIMIP2a

Reference Paper: Other References: Best M, Pryor M, Clark D, Rooney G, Essery R, Ménard C, Edwards J, Hendry M, Porson A, Gedney N, Mercado L, Sitch S, Blyth E, Boucher O, Cox P, Grimmond C, Harding R et al. The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description – Part 1: Energy and water fluxes. Geoscientific Model Development,4,677-699,2011
Harper et al. et al. Improved representation of plant functional types and physiology in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES v4.2) using plant trait information. Geoscientific Model Developement,9,2415–2440,2016

Spin-up design: We use the 1901-1910 climate condition, pre-industry CO2 (287.14 ppm), land cover map of 1860 to do an equilibrium run of 100 years with TRIFFID on an equilibrium mode followed by a spin-up until the soil carbon to be equilibrium. Then a simulation from 1861 to 1900 was performed with varied CO2 and land-cover/land-use change, and climate of 1901-1910 cycled. The final transient simulation of 1901-2012 was forced by varied climate, CO2 and land-cover/land-use change.